What is primarily enforced by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration?

The correct answer focuses on the primary role of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which is to ensure safe and healthy working conditions for employees across various industries. OSHA accomplishes this by setting and enforcing standards and by providing training, outreach, education, and assistance.

The emphasis on occupational health and safety regulations is crucial for preventing workplace hazards and protecting workers from job-related injuries, illnesses, and fatalities. These regulations cover a range of issues, including safe handling of hazardous materials, ensuring proper workplace environments, and establishing protocols for reporting and addressing unsafe conditions.

The other options relate to different regulatory and compliance sectors. Animal Welfare Standards pertain to the humane treatment of animals, which is primarily monitored by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) and not OSHA. Research Integrity refers to the ethical conduct of research and is governed by various institutions and federal agencies but not specifically OSHA. Research Ethics Compliance also falls under the purview of institutional review boards and other ethical oversight bodies, rather than OSHA's focus on workplace health and safety. This context provides a clearer understanding of OSHA's responsibilities and differentiates them from other regulatory domains.