Which agency ensures that research involving animals is conducted ethically?

The Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW) is the agency responsible for ensuring that research involving animals is conducted ethically. OLAW oversees compliance with the Public Health Service (PHS) Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, which outlines the ethical treatment of animals used in research. This agency provides guidance and support to institutions conducting research funded by the PHS to uphold humane practices and ensure the welfare of laboratory animals.

While the PHS and its associated agencies, including NIH and NSF, play critical roles in funding and regulating research, it is OLAW specifically that addresses the ethical oversight and compliance regarding the care and use of laboratory animals. OLAW's focus is on enforcing policies and offering resources that promote responsible animal research practices.