Which federal law mandates the PHS Policy?

The correct answer is based on the provisions outlined in the Health Research Extension Act of 1985, which specifically mandates adherence to the Public Health Service (PHS) Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals. This law was established to ensure that consistent, humane standards are applied in the handling and care of animals involved in research funded by the PHS.

This act aims to promote the welfare and humane treatment of laboratory animals, ensuring ethical practices within research institutions. It is a critical piece of legislation that supports the importance of compliance with established norms for animal research, reflecting a commitment to humane research practices.

Other laws mentioned, such as the Animal Welfare Act and Animal Welfare Regulations, provide foundational guidelines for the treatment of animals in various settings but are not specifically responsible for mandating the PHS Policy. The Laboratory Animals Act, which primarily pertains to the UK, is not relevant in the context of U.S. federal laws governing animal research. Therefore, the Health Research Extension Act is the pivotal legislation in this scenario, underscoring the regulatory framework that governs animal care in PHS-funded research programs.