Which infection poses a significant risk to a human fetus?

Toxoplasmosis is caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii and poses a notable risk to a developing human fetus. This infection can be transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy, particularly if the mother becomes infected for the first time during her pregnancy. The consequences can be severe, including miscarriage, stillbirth, or a range of congenital defects known as congenital toxoplasmosis. These defects can affect the baby's brain, eyes, and other organs.

In contrast, while dermatophytosis (a fungal infection of the skin), salmonellosis (a bacterial infection that can cause gastrointestinal illness), and Orf (a viral infection related to sheep and goats) are important health concerns, their direct impact on fetal development is less significant compared to toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasmosis specifically has well-documented risks associated with pregnancy and fetal outcomes.