Which outcome option is NOT available during designated review of animal protocols?

In the context of designated review of animal protocols, the correct outcome option that is not available pertains to the ability to "withhold approval." During designated review, a single reviewer or a small group of reviewers conducts an assessment and can either approve the protocol, request modifications before approval, or provide additional comments. However, if the designated reviewer finds significant issues with the protocol that cannot be resolved through modification alone, they do not have the authority to withhold approval outright.

This responsibility to withhold approval lies solely with the full committee, which has broader authority and the ability to engage in a more comprehensive discussion regarding ethical considerations, scientific merit, and compliance with applicable regulations. In contrast, the options available to designated reviewers are more limited, focusing primarily on approval and the facilitation of modifications to address specific concerns.

Understanding these distinctions helps clarify the roles and authority of reviewers in the IACUC process, ensuring proper adherence to regulations while balancing animal welfare and scientific advancement.